Understanding the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for UPSC

Master the concept of Multidimensional Poverty Index

Introduction

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a measure of poverty that goes beyond just income. It captures the various deprivations a person faces in their life.

Dimensions of MPI

The MPI considers three main dimensions: health, education, and standard of living. Each dimension has indicators to assess deprivation.

Health Dimension

This includes two indicators: child mortality and nutrition.

Education Dimension

Years of schooling and school enrollment rates are considered here.

Standard of Living Dimension

This dimension assesses household assets, cooking fuel, sanitation facilities, drinking water, quality of house and electricity access.

Identification of MPI

A person is identified as MPI poor if they are deprived in at least 33% of the weighted indicators across all three dimensions.

Benefits of MPI

MPI provides a more nuanced understanding of poverty. It helps target policies towards specific deprivations faced by people.

Criticisms of MPI

Choosing the weights for indicators and defining deprivation cutoffs can be subjective. It may also be data-intensive to calculate.

Conclusion

The MPI is a valuable tool for understanding poverty. Mastering this concept will strengthen your UPSC preparation in social issues and development.